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Related Concept Videos

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
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Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
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The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...

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Nucleus pulposus cell-derived efficient microcarrier for intervertebral disc tissue engineering.

Xiaopeng Zhou1,2,3, Ning Shen4, Yiqing Tao1,2,3

  • 1Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

Biofabrication
|January 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Injectable nucleus pulposus cell-derived microcarriers (NPCMs) effectively promote adipose-derived stem cell differentiation and regenerate degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) in vivo, offering a promising strategy for IVD degeneration treatment.

Keywords:
adipose-derived stem cellsdecellularizationextracellular matrixmicrocarriernucleus pulposus cells

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a significant cause of back pain, necessitating effective regenerative strategies.
  • Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) show therapeutic potential for IVD degeneration, but require suitable carriers for transplantation.
  • Nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) synthesize key extracellular matrix (ECM) components and can regulate stem cell differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate NPC-derived microcarriers (NPCMs) as a scaffold for ADSC transplantation and IVD regeneration.
  • To investigate the potential of NPCMs to induce NP-specific differentiation of ADSCs in vitro.
  • To assess the efficacy of ADSC-loaded NPCMs in promoting NP regeneration in a rabbit model of IVD degeneration.

Main Methods:

  • NPCs were aggregated into pellets and cultured to form NPCMs, followed by optimized decellularization.
  • NPCMs were characterized for microstructure, biochemical composition, biostability, and cytotoxicity.
  • ADSCs were cultured with NPCMs in vitro to assess NP-specific differentiation, and ADSC-loaded NPCMs were implanted in rabbits to evaluate in vivo regeneration.

Main Results:

  • Optimized decellularization yielded NPCMs with maximal ECM content and minimal nucleic acid, exhibiting good biostability and no cytotoxicity.
  • NPCMs significantly promoted NP-specific differentiation of ADSCs in vitro.
  • In vivo studies showed that ADSC-loaded NPCMs partially restored degenerated NP structure and ECM content, as evidenced by MRI, X-ray, and histological analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Injectable NPCMs serve as an effective carrier for ADSCs, promoting their differentiation and facilitating IVD regeneration.
  • This study presents a simplified and efficient strategy using NPCMs for treating intervertebral disc degeneration.