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Exercise may improve autism spectrum disorder (ASD) behaviors by positively impacting the gut microbiome (GM) via the microbial gut-brain axis (MGBA). Specific bacteria like Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium show promise for future ASD treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is linked to an altered gut microbiome (GM).
  • The microbial gut-brain axis (MGBA) highlights the bidirectional communication between the GM and central nervous system (CNS).
  • Exercise interventions are increasingly recognized for their potential to modulate the GM.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current research on exercise interventions and their effects on the GM in the context of ASD.
  • It explores the relationship between GM composition, ASD pathophysiology, and exercise.
  • The review examines how exercise influences GM in CNS disorders.

Key Points:

  • Specific gut bacteria, including *Streptococcus*, *Bifidobacterium*, *Clostridium*, *Bacteroides*, and *Blautia*, are implicated in the MGBA.
  • Exercise may alter GM composition, potentially ameliorating ASD-related behaviors.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise interventions hold potential for improving ASD symptoms through modulation of the gut microbiome via the MGBA.
  • Targeting specific bacterial groups like *Streptococcus* and *Bifidobacterium* may offer novel therapeutic strategies for ASD.
  • The interplay between exercise, GM, and CNS function in ASD warrants extensive future investigation.