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Pathologic myopia in highly myopic patients with high axial anisomyopia
Jonathan Li1,2, Yee Shan Dan3, Si Qi Chua3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|January 23, 2023
Summary
High myopia with anisomyopia shows a 15.8% prevalence. Pathologic myopia in one eye increases the risk of similar complications in the other eye, necessitating careful monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Medical Research
- Clinical Ophthalmology
Background:
- High myopia (HM) and anisomyopia are significant vision concerns.
- Axial length (AL) differences can lead to anisomyopia, particularly in high myopes.
- Understanding the prevalence and implications of anisomyopia in HM is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of anisomyopia (axial length difference ≥2.5 mm) among high myopes (HM).
- To characterize the shorter anisomyopic eye (SAE) in HMs.
- To evaluate if pathologic myopia (PM) in the longer anisomyopic eye (LAE) is associated with increased risk of PM in the SAE.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 1168 high myopes from the Singapore National Eye Centre.
- Biometry, fundus photography, and swept-source optical coherence tomography were utilized.
- Stepwise multivariate regression analyzed associations between PM in the LAE and SAE, controlling for confounding variables.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of anisomyopia among high myopes was 15.8% (184/1168).
- In anisomyopic patients, the mean AL was 30.6±2.0 mm (LAE) and 26.2±2.3 mm (SAE).
- Pathologic myopia complications in the LAE (macular hole, mCNV, PS) were associated with increased risk of similar complications in the SAE.
Conclusions:
- Pathologic myopia complications in the longer anisomyopic eye predict similar complications in the shorter anisomyopic eye, even after controlling for axial length.
- High axial anisomyopia patients with PM in the LAE require vigilant monitoring for complications in the SAE.
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