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How development affects evolution.

Mauricio González-Forero1

  • 1School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Development shapes evolution by guiding evolutionary pathways, not just fitness peaks. This framework reveals how developmental changes can drive diversification and influence evolutionary outcomes, even with extra-genetic inheritance.

Keywords:
G matrixEvo-devoagingevolutionary dynamicsfitness landscapesgenetic constraints

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Mathematical modeling

Background:

  • Natural selection acts on phenotypes, but the role of development in evolution remains unclear.
  • A lack of mathematical frameworks integrating development and evolution has hindered progress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mathematical framework mechanistically integrating development and evolution.
  • To analyze how developmental processes affect evolutionary trajectories and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel mathematical framework to link developmental processes with evolutionary dynamics.
  • Analyzed how selection, development, and other factors interact to shape evolutionary paths.

Main Results:

  • Development determines evolutionary pathways, leading to outcomes at 'path peaks' rather than 'landscape peaks'.
  • Developmental changes can cause diversification even on simple fitness landscapes.
  • Phenotypic plasticity, niche construction, extra-genetic inheritance, and developmental bias modify evolutionary paths.

Conclusions:

  • Development plays a crucial role in evolution, constraining and directing evolutionary outcomes.
  • Extra-genetic inheritance can have lasting evolutionary impacts by altering developmental constraints.
  • Developmental processes can lead to adaptive or maladaptive evolution and enable complex phenomena like negative senescence.