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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing
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Onshore wind farms do not affect global wind speeds or patterns.

Guoqing Li1, Chuncheng Yan1, Haipeng Wu1

  • 1School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China.

Heliyon
|January 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Onshore wind farms have a minimal impact on local and global wind speeds. Studies show wind speed changes are slight and less significant than natural climate oscillations.

Keywords:
Wind farmsWind speedWind turbines

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Atmospheric Science
  • Renewable Energy

Background:

  • Growing global electricity generation from wind energy raises concerns about onshore wind farm impacts on local winds and ecosystems.
  • A lack of global-scale evaluations necessitates research into these potential effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of onshore wind farms on wind speeds and distribution patterns at local and global scales.
  • To compare wind data from periods before and after the large-scale development of wind farms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized TerraClimate and ERA5 datasets spanning 1980-2020.
  • Compared wind speeds at 10m and 100m elevations and wind distribution patterns between pre-wind farm (1980-1999) and post-wind farm (2001-2020) periods.

Main Results:

  • TerraClimate data indicated a decrease in 10m wind speeds at wind farm locations, with increases in the densest areas; distribution patterns showed no significant change.
  • ERA5 data revealed no significant alterations in 10m or 100m wind speeds or distribution patterns due to wind farms.
  • Observed wind farm influence on wind speeds was minor, significantly less than oceanic/atmospheric oscillations.

Conclusions:

  • Onshore wind farms exert a negligible influence on local and global wind speeds and their distribution patterns.
  • The long-term potential for onshore wind farms to significantly alter global wind characteristics is very small.