Effective web-based clinical practice guidelines resources: recommendations from a mixed methods usability study

Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) are an important knowledge translation resource to help clinicians stay up to date about relevant clinical knowledge. Effective communication of guidelines, including format, facilitates its implementation. Despite the digitalization of healthcare, there is little literature to guide CPG website creation for effective dissemination and implementation. Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of the content and format of the Diabetes Canada CPG website, and use our results to inform recommendations for other CPG websites.

Fourteen clinicians (family physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and dieticians) in diabetes care across Canada participated in this mixed-methods study (questionnaires, usability testing and interviews). Participants "thought-aloud" while completing eight usability tasks on the CPG website. Outcomes included task success rate, completion time, click per tasks, resource used, paths, search attempts and success rate, and error types. Participants were then interviewed.

The Diabetes Canada CPG website was found to be usable. Participants had a high task success rate of 79% for all tasks and used 144 (standard deviation (SD) = 152) seconds and 4.6 (SD = 3.9) clicks per task. Interactive tools were most frequently used compared to full guidelines and static tools. Misinterpretation accounted for 48% of usability errors. Participants overall found the website intuitive, with effective content and design elements.

Different versions of CPG information (e.g. interactive tools, quick reference guide, static tools) can help answer clinical questions more quickly. Effective web design should be assessed during CPG website creation for effective guideline dissemination and implementation.