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Published on: October 12, 2017
High Plasma Levels of Soluble Lectin-like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Are Associated With
Sara E Stinson1, Anna E Jonsson1, Mette K Andersen1
1Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Denmark.
Insights
Elevated soluble lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (sLOX-1) in overweight/obese youth is linked to inflammation and poor cardiometabolic health. This suggests sLOX-1 may be an early indicator of cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Cardiovascular Research
- Metabolic Syndrome
Background:
- Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) receptor-1 (LOX-1) is a scavenger receptor for ox-LDL.
- Elevated soluble LOX-1 (sLOX-1) is linked to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity in adults.
- The association between sLOX-1 and pediatric overweight/obesity is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between sLOX-1 levels and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity.
- To determine if sLOX-1 is an early marker of inflammation and cardiometabolic risk in this population.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of the HOLBAEK Study, including 1815 children/adolescents (4-19 years) from an obesity clinic and 2039 from a general population.
- Quantification of fasting plasma sLOX-1 and inflammatory markers.
- Assessment of cardiometabolic risk profiles and statistical regression analyses.
Main Results:
- Pubertal/postpubertal children and adolescents in the obesity group had significantly higher sLOX-1 levels than the general population (P<0.001).
- sLOX-1 positively correlated with inflammatory markers, obesity indices, liver enzymes, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure, and inversely with HDL cholesterol (all P<0.05).
- sLOX-1 was associated with higher odds of elevated alanine aminotransferase, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension (all P<0.05).
Conclusions:
- sLOX-1 levels are elevated in pubertal/postpubertal youth with overweight/obesity.
- Elevated sLOX-1 is associated with increased inflammation and adverse cardiometabolic risk factors in this pediatric population.
- sLOX-1 may serve as a valuable early biomarker for cardiometabolic risk and inflammation in pediatric overweight/obesity.
Abstract:
Background Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) receptor-1 is a scavenger receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein. In adults, higher soluble lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (sLOX-1) levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, but a similar link in pediatric overweight/obesity remains uncertain. Methods and Results Analyses were based on the cross-sectional HOLBAEK Study, including 4- to 19-year-olds from an obesity clinic group with body mass index >90th percentile (n=1815) and from a population-based group (n=2039). Fasting plasma levels of sLOX-1 and inflammatory markers were quantified, cardiometabolic risk profiles were assessed, and linear and logistic regression analyses were performed. Pubertal/postpubertal children and adolescents from the obesity clinic group exhibited higher sLOX-1 levels compared with the population (P<0.001). sLOX-1 positively associated with proinflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, body mass index SD score, waist SD score, body fat %, plasma alanine aminotransferase, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure SD score, and inversely associated with plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P<0.05). sLOX-1 positively associated with high alanine aminotransferase (odds ratio [OR], 1.16, P=4.1 E-04), insulin resistance (OR, 1.16, P=8.6 E-04), dyslipidemia (OR, 1.25, P=1.8 E-07), and hypertension (OR, 1.12, P=0.02). Conclusions sLOX-1 levels were elevated during and after puberty in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity compared with population-based peers and associated with inflammatory markers and worsened cardiometabolic risk profiles. sLOX-1 may serve as an early marker of cardiometabolic risk and inflammation in pediatric overweight/obesity. Registration The HOLBAEK Study, formerly known as The Danish Childhood Obesity Biobank, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier number NCT00928473, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00928473 (registered June 2009).
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