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Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web
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Structural insights on the KMT2-NCP interaction

Zi Yang1, Robert Zepeda1, Yali Dou1,2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, U.S.A.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|January 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

MLL/KMT2 enzymes regulate gene activation via histone methylation. Recent cryo-EM studies reveal dynamic regulation of these key cancer-linked enzymes, offering new therapeutic targets for leukemia and breast cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • The MLL/KMT2 enzyme family is crucial for gene activation through histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methylation.
  • Mutations in these enzymes are linked to human cancers and congenital diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss recent single-molecule cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies on MLL1 and yeast SET1 complexes bound to nucleosome core particles (NCPs).
  • To highlight the unique dynamic regulation of MLL/SET1 family lysine methyltransferases.

Main Methods:

  • Single-molecule cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies.
  • Structural and biochemical analyses of MLL1 and yeast SET1 complexes on NCPs.

Main Results:

  • Detailed structural insights into MLL1 and ySET1 complex interactions with NCPs.
  • Demonstration of unique dynamic regulatory features of MLL/SET1 family methyltransferases compared to other histone methyltransferases.
  • Insights into the loci-specific regulation of H3K4 methylation states.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanistic studies of the MLL1 complex have led to the development of effective MLL1 inhibitors for acute leukemia and metastatic breast cancer.
  • Further research on MLL/SET1 family enzymes may uncover additional therapeutic opportunities for various diseases.
Keywords:
KMT2MLLNCPSET1cryo-EMhistone methylation

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