Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

9.4K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
9.4K
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

44.8K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
44.8K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

9.0K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
9.0K
Taste Buds and Receptors01:20

Taste Buds and Receptors

2.3K
Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
2.3K
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

106
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
106
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

201
Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
201

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Superior Labial Artery Flap for Septal Perforation Repair: The Boxer's Flap.

The Laryngoscope·2026
Same author

Contemporary algorithm for nasal septal perforation repair.

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola·2026
Same author

Negative impact of nasal septal perforation on quality of life: insights from 153 patients in a Spanish study.

Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola·2026
Same author

Cocaine-induced ANCA-associated vasculitis: A diagnostic challenge at the interface of toxic exposure and autoimmunity.

European journal of internal medicine·2026
Same author

Correction: Understanding Biologics in CRSwNP: Related Events and Insights.

Current allergy and asthma reports·2026
Same author

Estimation of the indirect costs associated with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis in Spain: an analysis from a societal perspective.

European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2025

An Olfactory Preference Test for Measuring Olfactory Hedonic Biases in Mouse Models of Depression
06:34

An Olfactory Preference Test for Measuring Olfactory Hedonic Biases in Mouse Models of Depression

Published on: July 11, 2025

173

Olfactory Dysfunction in Mental Illness.

Concepció Marin1,2, Isam Alobid3,4,5, Mireya Fuentes3,4

  • 1INGENIO, IRCE, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CELLEX, Department 2B, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. cmarin@recerca.clinic.cat.

Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
|January 25, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Olfactory dysfunction, including smell identification deficits, is common in mental illnesses like depression and schizophrenia. Inflammation may link environmental factors to these olfactory changes and psychiatric conditions.

Keywords:
AnxietyBipolar disorderDepressionMental illnessNeurogenesisOlfactionOlfactory bulbsOlfactory neuroepitheliumSchizophrenia

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

917
Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
07:27

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: August 25, 2014

22.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 12, 2025

An Olfactory Preference Test for Measuring Olfactory Hedonic Biases in Mouse Models of Depression
06:34

An Olfactory Preference Test for Measuring Olfactory Hedonic Biases in Mouse Models of Depression

Published on: July 11, 2025

173
Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

917
Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
07:27

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: August 25, 2014

22.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a significant factor in the psychopathology of various mental illnesses.
  • The olfactory system's role in higher brain functions and its involvement in psychiatric disorders are often underestimated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the neurobiology of olfaction.
  • To describe common olfactory alterations in mental illnesses.
  • To highlight the role of inflammation and neurogenesis in olfactory dysfunction within psychiatric conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on olfaction and mental health.
  • Analysis of neurobiological mechanisms underlying olfactory function.
  • Examination of epidemiological data linking environmental factors and inflammation to psychiatric risk.

Main Results:

  • Specific olfactory deficits, particularly in odor identification and hedonic valence, are observed in anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
  • Environmental factors (e.g., air pollutants) and inflammatory diseases can increase mental illness risk, partly via peripheral olfactory inflammation.
  • Inflammation's effect on neurogenesis is a potential mechanism for olfactory dysfunction in psychiatric conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory alterations are key features in several psychiatric disorders and may serve as differential diagnostic symptoms.
  • Understanding the neurobiology of olfaction and its link to inflammation offers insights into mental illness pathophysiology.
  • Targeting inflammatory pathways could be a future therapeutic strategy for olfactory dysfunction in psychiatric patients.