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Time trends, projections, and spatial distribution of low birthweight in Australia, 2009-2030: Evidence from the

M Mamun Huda1,2, Leonie K Callaway3,4, Greg Jackson5,6

  • 1Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Birth (Berkeley, Calif.)
|January 25, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Low birthweight (LBW) prevalence increased in Australia from 2009-2019, with higher rates among disadvantaged groups. Projections indicate continued rise, jeopardizing Sustainable Development Goals for infant health.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Perinatal Health

Background:

  • Infant low birthweight (LBW) rates have risen globally in high-resource nations.
  • LBW is a critical indicator of perinatal and infant health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze time trends, spatial distribution, and future projections of LBW in Australia (2009-2030).
  • To identify subpopulations with increasing LBW prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Australian National Perinatal Data Collection (2009-2019) for over 3.3 million births.
  • Employed Bayesian linear regression to estimate LBW prevalence trends and Average Annual Rate of Change (AARC).

Main Results:

  • LBW prevalence rose from 6.18% (2009) to 6.64% (2019), an AARC of +0.76%.
  • Projected increase to 7.34% by 2030 if trends persist.
  • Significant increases observed in non-Indigenous mothers, most disadvantaged groups, teenagers, older mothers, and smokers.
  • Higher LBW prevalence noted in specific areas of Northern Territory and Queensland.

Conclusions:

  • LBW prevalence is increasing in Australia, with disparities across subpopulations.
  • Current trends hinder achievement of Sustainable Development Goals for reducing LBW.
  • Targeted support for vulnerable groups is crucial for improving perinatal health and meeting SDG targets.
Abstract

Keywords:
Australialow birthweightmothersocial and behavioral factorstime trends

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