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Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Sample Preparation for Mass Cytometry Analysis

Sample Preparation for Mass Cytometry Analysis

Published on: April 29, 2017

Reagents for Mass Cytometry.

Loryn P Arnett¹, Rahul Rana¹, Wilson Wai-Yip Chung¹

¹Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, OntarioM5S 3H6, Canada.

Chemical Reviews

|January 25, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mass cytometry (CyTOF) is a powerful single-cell analysis tool. This review details reagent development for CyTOF, highlighting needs and best practices for data interpretation.

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Last Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Sample Preparation for Mass Cytometry Analysis

Sample Preparation for Mass Cytometry Analysis

Published on: April 29, 2017

Mass Cytometry: Protocol for Daily Tuning and Running Cell Samples on a CyTOF Mass Cytometer

Mass Cytometry: Protocol for Daily Tuning and Running Cell Samples on a CyTOF Mass Cytometer

Published on: November 2, 2012

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Single-cell Analysis of Immunophenotype and Cytokine Production in Peripheral Whole Blood via Mass Cytometry

Published on: June 26, 2018

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Analytical Chemistry
Cell Biology

Background:

Mass cytometry (CyTOF) offers single-cell resolution for cellular system analysis.
It utilizes isotope-tagged reagents and mass spectrometry for multiparametric quantification.
Current limitations restrict simultaneous measurement to approximately 50 biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the history and current status of mass cytometry reagent development.
To identify areas requiring novel reagent development for enhanced capabilities.
To provide guidelines for reagent testing and data presentation in mass cytometry.

Main Methods:

Describes suspension and imaging mass cytometry techniques.
Explains the role of inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ICP-TOF-MS).
Discusses multiplexed ion beam imaging (MIBI) as a related technique.

Main Results:

Mass cytometry enables analysis of up to 130 parameters, with current reagents supporting ~50.
Development of new small molecule reagents allows monitoring of cellular biochemistry.
The review identifies critical needs for future reagent development.

Conclusions:

Continued reagent innovation is crucial for expanding mass cytometry's analytical scope.
Standardized testing and data presentation are essential for the user community.
Future reagents will enhance the understanding of cellular systems and active biochemistry.