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A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology
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Associations Among Tooth Loss, Periodontitis, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: the Nagahama Study
Shizuko Fukuhara1, Takuma Watanabe1, Toru Yamazaki1
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University.
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis
|January 25, 2023
Summary
Severe tooth loss and advanced periodontitis, indicating long-term inflammation, are linked to subclinical atherosclerosis. Early-stage gum disease does not show this association.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Public Health
Background:
- Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is associated with various systemic conditions.
- Subclinical atherosclerosis, an early stage of cardiovascular disease, is a significant public health concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between tooth loss, periodontal status, and subclinical atherosclerosis.
- To determine if inflammation intensity, extent, and duration influence this association.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 9,778 participants from the Nagahama Study in Japan.
- Dental evaluation of tooth count, attachment level (AL), and pocket depth (PD).
- Measurement of maximum intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery as a marker for atherosclerosis.
Main Results:
- Significant association between extensive tooth loss (less than 9 teeth) and increased IMT.
- Association between two or more regions with AL ≥4 mm and increased IMT.
- No significant association between early periodontal measures (PD, AL loss without tooth loss) and IMT.
Conclusions:
- The link between periodontitis and atherosclerosis is dependent on the severity and duration of periodontal inflammation.
- Advanced periodontitis and significant tooth loss are risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis.
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