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Renal replacement therapy in sarcoidosis.
Marta Calatroni1,2, Gabriella Moroni1,2, Claudio Ponticelli3
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
Frontiers in Medicine
|January 26, 2023
Summary
Sarcoidosis can affect kidneys, potentially causing acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early treatment with corticosteroids improves outcomes, but advanced cases may require renal replacement therapy (RRT).
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Rheumatology
- Systemic Inflammatory Diseases
Background:
- Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease with unknown causes.
- Kidney involvement occurs in 25-30% of sarcoidosis cases.
- Renal sarcoidosis can lead to kidney failure requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review renal replacement therapy (RRT) in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by sarcoidosis.
- To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment for kidney involvement in sarcoidosis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on renal sarcoidosis and its management.
- Analysis of causes of AKI in sarcoidosis, including granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) and hypercalcemia.
- Overview of RRT options for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in sarcoidosis patients.
Main Results:
- Acute kidney injury (AKI) in sarcoidosis is often caused by granulomatous interstitial nephritis (GIN) or hypercalcemia.
- These kidney disorders can be clinically silent, potentially leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) if undetected.
- Dialysis and renal transplantation provide comparable outcomes for sarcoidosis patients with ESRD as for other etiologies.
Conclusions:
- Early diagnosis and corticosteroid treatment are crucial for managing kidney involvement in sarcoidosis.
- Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a viable option for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to sarcoidosis.
- Understanding the renal manifestations of sarcoidosis is essential for timely intervention and management.
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