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Chronic Disease Management of Children Followed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Şenay Güven Baysal1, Nurdan Çiftci2, İsmail Dündar2
1Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Diyarbakır, Turkey
Insights
Parental education, income, and insulin pump use positively impact type 1 diabetes management in children. Co-existing conditions negatively affect care, highlighting the need for a biopsychosocial approach to chronic childhood illness.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Childhood Chronic Illness Management
- Family Health
Background:
- Chronic illnesses present significant challenges for children and their families.
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) requires intensive daily management by parents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate factors influencing parental management of T1DM in children.
- To identify key determinants of successful chronic disease management within families.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 110 children (4-17 years) with T1DM and their mothers.
- Data collection included sociodemographic information and the "Family Management Measure" (FaMM).
- FaMM assesses family functioning and management of chronic childhood illness.
Main Results:
- Paternal education, family income, insulin pump use, and time since diagnosis positively correlated with T1DM management.
- Presence of additional chronic diseases negatively impacted diabetes management.
- Higher maternal education and family income improved parental mutuality, which decreased over time post-diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- A biopsychosocial approach is crucial for evaluating children with chronic conditions.
- Holistic assessment of child and family challenges is essential for effective care.
- Understanding influencing factors can optimize chronic disease management strategies.
Objective:
With the diagnosis of chronic illness in children, a stressful period is likely to begin for both the affected child and their families. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting chronic disease management by the parents of children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Methods:
The sample consisted of 110 children, aged between 4-17 years and their mothers. The patients had been diagnosed with T1DM for at least one year, and had attended pediatric endocrinology outpatients or were hospitalized in a single center. First, sociodemographic information about the child with T1DM were obtained. Then, the “Family Management Measure” (FaMM) was applied. The FaMM is constructed to measure family functioning and management in families who have a child with a chronic illness.
Results:
Paternal years of education (p=0.036), family income (p=0.008), insulin pump use (p=0.011), and time elapsed after diagnosis (p=0.048) positively affected both the management of T1DM and the child’s daily life. However, presence of chronic diseases in addition to T1DM (p=0.004) negatively affected diabetes management. Higher maternal education year (p=0.013) and family income level (p=0.001) increased parental mutuality scores. However, as the time after diagnosis increased, parental mutuality scores decreased.
Conclusion:
It is important to evaluate the child with chronic disease with a biopsychosocial approach. This approach aims to evaluate the problems of the child and his/her family who experience the disease with a holistic approach.
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