Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

20
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
20
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.7K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.7K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.5K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.5K
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

28
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
28
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

31
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
31
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

25
Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
25

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In the era of AI, omics and organoids, animal models are still needed in cardiovascular research.

Nature reviews. Cardiology·2026
Same author

RBM20 variants disrupt Ca<sup>2+</sup> handling and metabolism in dilated and non-compaction cardiomyopathy stem cell models.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026
Same authorSame journal

[Advancing cardiovascular prevention : Evidence-based design of healthy and sustainable food environments].

Herz·2026
Same authorSame journal

[Heart and climate].

Herz·2026
Same author

Peroxisomal catalase and plasmalogen biosynthesis protect from oxidative stress in Barth syndrome cardiomyopathy.

Basic research in cardiology·2026
Same authorSame journal

[Noise and the heart].

Herz·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.6K

[Mechano-energetic defects in heart failure].

Christoph Maack1

  • 1Deutsches Zentrum für Herzinsuffizienz, Department für Translationale Forschung, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Deutschland. maack_c@ukw.de.

Herz
|January 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) involves hypercontractility, increasing cardiac energy demands and leading to maladaptive remodeling. Metabolic interventions may help manage HFpEF progression, unlike in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Keywords:
Cardiac myocytesExcitation-contraction couplingHypercontractilityIonic balanceMetabolic interventions

More Related Videos

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

24.2K
Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae
07:51

Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae

Published on: February 17, 2023

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

6.6K
High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart
11:50

High-frequency High-resolution Echocardiography: First Evidence on Non-invasive Repeated Measure of Myocardial Strain, Contractility, and Mitral Regurgitation in the Ischemia-reperfused Murine Heart

Published on: July 9, 2010

24.2K
Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae
07:51

Mechanical Control of Relaxation Using Intact Cardiac Trabeculae

Published on: February 17, 2023

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Metabolic Research

Context:

  • Heart failure (HF) involves complex cardiac myocyte dysfunction.
  • Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is linked to impaired mitochondrial calcium uptake and energy deficits.
  • Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) presents distinct hypercontractility, unlike HFrEF.

Purpose:

  • To differentiate the underlying mechanisms of HFpEF from HFrEF.
  • To explore the role of hypercontractility and its consequences in HFpEF.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for HFpEF.

Summary:

  • HFpEF is characterized by compensatory hypercontractility, increasing cardiac energy demands and leading to oxidative stress and maladaptive remodeling.
  • This contrasts with HFrEF, where mitochondrial dysfunction and energetic deficits are primary issues.
  • Risk factors for HFpEF include obesity and diabetes, suggesting metabolic interventions could be beneficial.

Impact:

  • Understanding HFpEF mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
  • Metabolic interventions show promise for managing HFpEF progression.
  • Distinguishing HFpEF from HFrEF is vital for effective clinical management and research.