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There are two ways to determine the amount of heat involved in a chemical change: measure it experimentally, or calculate it from other experimentally determined enthalpy changes. Some reactions are difficult, if not impossible, to investigate and make accurate measurements for experimentally. And even when a reaction is not hard to perform or measure, it is convenient to be able to determine the heat involved in a reaction without having to perform an experiment.
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This lesson illustrates the role of deuterium substitution in simplifying the NMR spectrum of compounds comprising labile protons. One method employed is the use of deuterium. Amongst the three isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (2H) has a nucleus composed of one proton and one neutron. When the D2O solvent is added to a pure dry ethanol solution, its labile proton is substituted with deuterium.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)
07:54

Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)

Published on: September 8, 2015

Dieter Oesterhelt (1940-2022).

Peter Hegemann1, Hartmut Michel2

  • 1Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This research highlights a pioneer in membrane protein studies. The work focuses on foundational contributions to understanding these vital biological structures.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • Membrane proteins are crucial for cellular functions, including transport and signaling.
  • Understanding their structure and function is key to numerous biological processes.
  • Early research laid the groundwork for modern membrane protein studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To recognize the pioneering contributions to membrane protein research.
  • To underscore the significance of foundational work in this field.
  • To provide historical context for advancements in membrane protein science.

Main Methods:

  • Historical analysis of key publications and discoveries.
  • Biographical review of influential scientists in the field.

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Enabling Real-Time Compensation in Fast Photochemical Oxidations of Proteins for the Determination of Protein Topography Changes

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)
07:54

Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)

Published on: September 8, 2015

Tuning Degradation to Achieve Specific and Efficient Protein Depletion
05:11

Tuning Degradation to Achieve Specific and Efficient Protein Depletion

Published on: July 20, 2019

Enabling Real-Time Compensation in Fast Photochemical Oxidations of Proteins for the Determination of Protein Topography Changes
07:38

Enabling Real-Time Compensation in Fast Photochemical Oxidations of Proteins for the Determination of Protein Topography Changes

Published on: September 1, 2020

  • Synthesis of early experimental approaches in membrane protein research.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified key early breakthroughs in membrane protein characterization.
    • Highlighted the impact of pioneering research on subsequent scientific endeavors.
    • Established the foundational knowledge upon which current research is built.

    Conclusions:

    • The early pioneers established critical concepts in membrane protein research.
    • Their work continues to influence the direction of molecular and cellular biology.
    • Recognizing this foundational research is essential for appreciating the field's progress.