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Results from rapid-cycle recurrent genomic selection in spring bread wheat.

Susanne Dreisigacker1, Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez2, Leonardo Crespo-Herrera1

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Rapid-cycle recurrent genomic selection (GS) effectively increased genetic gain for wheat grain yield over three cycles. This genomic selection strategy shows promise for accelerating crop improvement in wheat breeding programs.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Genetics
  • Plant Breeding

Background:

  • Genomic selection (GS) aids in predicting genotypic values in wheat breeding by considering additive and nonadditive genetic effects.
  • Simulation studies suggest rapid-cycling GS strategies are efficient, but practical applications in wheat are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the potential of rapid-cycle recurrent genomic selection (RCRGS) for increasing genetic gain in wheat grain yield.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of RCRGS over three cycles of recombination in bi-parental F1s.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented rapid-cycle recurrent genomic selection (RCRGS) over three cycles (C1, C2, C3) using bi-parental F1s.
  • Phenotyped lines across two years to assess realized genetic gain for grain yield (GY).
  • Monitored changes in agronomic traits including days to heading, days to maturity, and plant height.

Main Results:

  • Consistent realized genetic gain for GY was observed across three cycles of RCRGS.
  • Overall genetic gain reached 12.3% from cycle C0 to C3, with a realized gain of 0.28 ton ha⁻¹ per cycle.
  • Grain yield increased from 6.88 ton ha⁻¹ (C0) to 7.73 ton ha⁻¹ (C3).
  • Associated changes in non-selected agronomic traits (days to heading, maturity, plant height) were noted.

Conclusions:

  • RCRGS is a viable strategy for increasing genetic gain in wheat grain yield.
  • Multi-trait prediction models are recommended alongside GS to manage correlated changes in other agronomic traits.