Phase contrast visualization of squamous cell microridges

Area of Science:

• Cytology
• Microscopy
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Squamous cells, particularly from the buccal mucosa and cervix, possess surface structures known as microridges.
• Routine cytological smears are commonly used for diagnostic purposes, especially in gynecological screening.
• Phase contrast microscopy offers a non-invasive method for visualizing cellular details.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine if microridges on squamous cells can be identified using phase contrast microscopy in routine smears.
• To assess the diagnostic potential of observing microridges in cervical smears.

Main Methods:

• Utilized phase contrast microscopy to examine squamous cells from buccal mucosa and cervical smears.
• Investigated both alcohol-fixed and spray-fixed smears, including those stored for up to five years.
• Correlated phase contrast microscopy findings with scanning electron microscopy.

Main Results:

• Successfully identified microridges on mature squamous cells in routine buccal mucosa and cervical smears.
• Demonstrated that microridges are visible in both alcohol- and spray-fixed specimens, even in aged smears (up to five years).
• Confirmed that features observed with phase contrast microscopy are consistent with those seen under scanning electron microscopy.

Conclusions:

• Microridges on squamous cells are identifiable using phase contrast microscopy in standard cytological preparations.
• The presence and morphology of microridges may hold diagnostic significance for the evaluation of cervical smears.
• Phase contrast microscopy provides a viable method for observing these cellular features, potentially enhancing diagnostic capabilities.