Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride01:26

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

1.9K
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation...
1.9K
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

8.6K
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
8.6K
Halogenation of Alkenes02:46

Halogenation of Alkenes

16.1K
Halogenation is the addition of chlorine or bromine across the double bond in an alkene to yield a vicinal dihalide. The reaction occurs in the presence of inert and non-nucleophilic solvents, such as methylene chloride, chloroform, or carbon tetrachloride.
Consider the bromination of cyclopentene. Molecular bromine is polarized in the proximity of the π electrons of cyclopentene. An electrophilic bromine atom adds across the double bond, forming a cyclic bromonium ion intermediate.
16.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Realization of the Bienenstock-Cooper-Munro rule in a single memristor.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Thin-Layer NbOCl<sub>2</sub> Flat-Band Semiconductor for Efficient PEC Photodetection.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Development and validation of prognostic nomograms for patients with cervical cancer and liver metastasis: a SEER-based study.

Translational cancer research·2026
Same author

VTA dopamine inputs activate accumbal D1 receptors to promote alcohol seeking.

iScience·2026
Same author

Annealing of skyrmion lattice in van der Waals magnet via field modulation.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Hydrogen Radical-Mediated Nitric Oxide Reduction to Ammonia Over Synergistic Pd<sup>0</sup>/Pd<sup>2+</sup> Dual Sites.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials
09:05

Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials

Published on: May 15, 2015

14.9K

Controlled hydrogenation into defective interlayer bismuth oxychloride via vacancy engineering.

Dandan Cui1,2, Kang Xu1, Xingan Dong3

  • 1School of Physics and BUAA-UOW Joint Research Centre, Beihang University, 100191, Beijing, China.

Communications Chemistry
|January 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Hydrogenation enhances photocatalyst performance by strategically placing hydrogen atoms in defect sites. This defect engineering improves carrier separation and boosts catalytic activity for nitric oxide oxidation.

More Related Videos

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films
08:12

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Published on: September 8, 2017

9.6K
Fabrication of Schottky Diodes on Zn-polar BeMgZnO/ZnO Heterostructure Grown by Plasma-assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy
14:16

Fabrication of Schottky Diodes on Zn-polar BeMgZnO/ZnO Heterostructure Grown by Plasma-assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Published on: October 23, 2018

7.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials
09:05

Supercritical Nitrogen Processing for the Purification of Reactive Porous Materials

Published on: May 15, 2015

14.9K
Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films
08:12

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Published on: September 8, 2017

9.6K
Fabrication of Schottky Diodes on Zn-polar BeMgZnO/ZnO Heterostructure Grown by Plasma-assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy
14:16

Fabrication of Schottky Diodes on Zn-polar BeMgZnO/ZnO Heterostructure Grown by Plasma-assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Published on: October 23, 2018

7.7K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Hydrogenation is a key defect engineering strategy for improving photocatalyst performance.
  • The precise mechanisms of hydrogenation and its synergistic effects on electronic structures are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of hydrogen atoms in defective crystalline materials.
  • To investigate the interaction between hydrogen atoms and oxygen vacancies in bismuth oxychloride.
  • To enhance the catalytic performance of defective bismuth oxychloride for nitric oxide oxidation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized oxygen vacancies as hosting sites for hydrogen atoms in layered bismuth oxychloride.
  • Combined theoretical calculations and experimental validation.
  • Analyzed the impact of hydrogen incorporation on band structure and carrier dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed hydrogen atom interaction with oxygen vacancies and surrounding atoms.
  • Demonstrated enhanced separation and transfer of photo-generated carriers.
  • Significantly improved catalytic activity and selectivity for nitric oxide oxidation.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogen atoms play a crucial role in defective crystalline materials by modulating electronic structures.
  • Controllable defect engineering offers a promising route for designing advanced catalytic materials.
  • The study provides fundamental insights into hydrogenation mechanisms in photocatalysis.