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Structural Analysis of NiTi Endodontic Instruments: A Systematic Review.

Igor Bastos Barbosa¹, Fabiano Guerra Ferreira¹, Pantaleo Scelza¹

¹Post-Graduation Program in Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.

Iranian Endodontic Journal

|January 27, 2023

Summary

Manufacturing defects in nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic instruments can cause fractures. This review analyzes methods for evaluating NiTi instrument structure, highlighting limitations in current techniques for comprehensive analysis.

Keywords:

Atomic Force Microscopy MicroCT NiTi Instrument Optical Profilometery Surface Properties

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Biomaterials Engineering
Dental Materials

Background:

Nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic instruments are prone to structural defects from manufacturing, leading to in-office fracture.
Fracture incidence necessitates understanding instrument wear and failure mechanisms through structural analysis.
Existing research utilizes various destructive and non-destructive methods to examine NiTi instrument surfaces and internal structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and analyze methods for evaluating the surface and internal microstructure of endodontic NiTi instruments.
To identify the most effective structural analysis techniques for NiTi endodontic files.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted in major databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, LILACS/BBO) up to June 2019.
Eligibility criteria followed the PICO strategy, focusing on endodontic instruments and methods for structural analysis of NiTi instruments.
The systematic review adhered to the PRISMA statement guidelines.

Main Results:

Ninety-four articles met the inclusion criteria for the review.
While various methods exist for qualitative/quantitative structural analysis, no single study evaluated both surface and internal structures concurrently.
Each method demonstrated limitations in analyzing either the surface or internal structure comprehensively.

Conclusions:

A need exists to compare different methodologies for structural analysis of NiTi endodontic instruments.
The reliability and limitations of employed methods for structural analysis were revealed, aiding in validity determination.
Current methods are insufficient for a complete assessment of NiTi instrument structural integrity.