A Maxillary Second Premolar with Four Canals: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Endodontics
• Dental Anatomy
• Radiology

Background:

• Root canal treatment success depends on understanding tooth anatomy.
• Variations in root canal morphology present challenges for clinicians.
• Maxillary second premolars typically have predictable anatomy, but variations exist.

Observation:

• A 33-year-old male patient required retreatment for a maxillary second premolar.
• Initial radiographs showed previous substandard endodontic treatment.
• The retreatment was performed using an operating microscope.

Findings:

• Four root canals were discovered during the retreatment, a rare occurrence.
• This finding represents a significant deviation from typical maxillary second premolar anatomy.
• The presence of multiple canals underscores the complexity of endodontic cases.

Implications:

• Magnification, particularly operating microscopes, is crucial for identifying complex root canal anatomy.
• This case highlights the importance of thorough diagnosis and treatment planning in endodontics.
• Such anatomical variations necessitate advanced techniques for successful root canal therapy.