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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are tools for storing, analyzing, and displaying spatial data alongside related attributes. Unlike traditional information systems that address general queries, GIS incorporates spatial components, enabling users to answer "where" and "how far." For example, GIS can process housing data linked to geographic locations like zip codes, allowing insights into population density or housing distribution through thematic maps.GIS integrates technologies such as...
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A Geographic Information System (GIS) combines specialized software and hardware to effectively manage, analyze, and present spatial and related data. GIS software includes critical functionalities such as a user interface for easy navigation, database management tools for handling spatial and attribute data, and data retrieval features for efficient access. Analytical tools transform raw data into insights, while display functions produce maps and reports in various formats for effective...
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In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: natural and artificial. Natural concepts are formed through direct or indirect experiences. For example, consider the concept of snow. If you live in a place with regular snowfall, such as Essex Junction, Vermont, you know snow through direct experiences. You’ve seen it fall, touched it, shoveled it, and played in it. You recognize its texture, appearance, and even its smell. In contrast, if you live on an island like Saint...
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Global and Current Research Trends of Single-Cell Sequencing in Cancer: A Bibliometric and Visualization Study
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CiteSpace-based global science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education knowledge mapping analysis.

Duo Yang1, Xiaopeng Wu1,2, Jiali Liu3

  • 1School of Computer and Information, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyun, China.

Frontiers in Psychology
|January 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study maps global Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education research trends. Key areas include engineering education, teacher development, and gender differences, highlighting future research directions.

Keywords:
CiteSpaceSTEM educationbibliometricsknowledge graphknowledge mapping

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Area of Science:

  • STEM Education Research
  • Educational Technology
  • Global Education Trends

Background:

  • Growing need to understand global STEM education research.
  • Previous research lacked a systematic overview of current trends and frontiers.
  • Identifying development paths and future directions in STEM education is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically analyze and visualize the latest developments in global STEM education research.
  • To identify key research hotspots, frontiers, and trends.
  • To provide a clearer path for future STEM education research and development.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliometric and visualization analysis of STEM education literature.
  • Utilized CiteSpace (5.8.R3) software for data analysis.
  • Analyzed publication volume, authors, countries, institutions, keywords, and co-citations from SCI-E and SSCI databases.

Main Results:

  • Identified research hotspots in engineering education, teacher professional development, and gender differences.
  • Revealed research frontiers including 21st-century skills, early childhood creativity, and teacher professional development.
  • Detailed analysis of publication trends, author contributions, and institutional collaborations.

Conclusions:

  • Provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape of global STEM education research.
  • Highlights emerging areas and critical topics for future investigation.
  • Offers valuable insights for researchers, educators, and policymakers to advance STEM education.