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Channel Rhodopsins

Channel Rhodopsins

Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...

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Real-time Monitoring of Ligand-receptor Interactions with Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer

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A Recent Update on Rhodamine Dye Based Sensor Molecules: A Review.

Soma Sarkar¹, Abhik Chatterjee¹, Kinkar Biswas²

¹Department of Chemistry, Raiganj University, Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal, India.

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry

|January 27, 2023

Summary

Modified rhodamine compounds serve as effective chemosensors for detecting various metal ions and anions. These advanced sensors also show promise in near-infrared imaging, microscopy, and real-time radical detection.

Keywords:

Bioimaging chemosensor fluorophore rhodamine spirolactam

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Area of Science:

* Organic Chemistry
* Analytical Chemistry
* Materials Science

Background:

* Rhodamine derivatives have emerged as crucial components in developing advanced chemosensors over the past 7-8 years.
* These compounds are vital for detecting a range of analytes, including specific metal ions and anions.

Purpose of the Study:

* To review the recent advancements in modified rhodamine-based chemosensors.
* To highlight their applications in sensing, bioimaging, and microscopy.

Main Methods:

* Comprehensive literature review of rhodamine-based chemosensors.
* Analysis of photophysical properties, including UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.
* Evaluation of selectivity, sensitivity, binding affinity, and limit of detection.

Main Results:

* Demonstrated utility of rhodamine chemosensors for detecting metal ions (e.g., Al(III), Cu(II), Hg(II)) and anions (e.g., CN-).
* Exploration of near-infrared (NIR) emitting rhodamine sensors for lysosomal targeting and pH sensing.
* Highlighting applications in single-molecule localization microscopy and photoactivable dye displays.

Conclusions:

* Modified rhodamine compounds offer versatile and sensitive platforms for chemical sensing and bioimaging.
* Their adaptable photophysical properties enable diverse applications, from environmental monitoring to advanced microscopy.
* Continued development promises enhanced capabilities in diagnostics and materials science.