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Buoyancy-Induced Convection Driven by Frontal Polymerization.

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This study reveals how fluid convection impacts frontal polymerization (FP). Higher frontal Rayleigh (Ra) numbers intensify convection, leading to instabilities and tunable thermal-chemical patterns in exothermic reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Frontal polymerization (FP) is a self-sustaining exothermic reaction.
  • Buoyancy-driven convection arises from thermal gradients during FP.
  • Convection influences reaction-diffusion (RD) dynamics and front morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between convective flow and frontal polymerization.
  • To understand how natural convection affects reaction fronts.
  • To analyze the role of the frontal Rayleigh number in FP dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Multiphysics numerical simulations.
  • Particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments.
  • Analysis of reaction-diffusion (RD) dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Coupling between natural convection and FP was experimentally and numerically confirmed.
  • The frontal Rayleigh (Ra) number dictates velocity field magnitude and front inclination.
  • Higher Ra numbers induce instability, resulting in observable thermal-chemical patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Natural convection significantly impacts frontal polymerization dynamics.
  • Frontal Rayleigh number is a key parameter controlling FP stability and pattern formation.
  • This research provides insights into controlling exothermic reaction fronts in fluid systems.