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Case of apparent mpox reinfection
John Golden1,2, Lindsey Harryman2, Megan Crofts2
156 Dean Street, Department of GUM/HIV, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK j.golden@nhs.net.
Sexually Transmitted Infections
|January 27, 2023
Summary
A man who has sex with men experienced a second mpox infection despite prior recovery and vaccination. This case underscores the need to consider mpox in genital ulcer diagnoses, even with presumed immunity.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Public Health
Background:
- Mpox (monkeypox) is a viral disease that can cause painful genital ulcers.
- Immunity from prior infection or vaccination is generally expected to prevent reinfection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of recurrent mpox (monkeypox) genital ulcerative disease.
- To emphasize the importance of considering mpox in differential diagnoses for genital ulcerations.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a non-immunosuppressed man who has sex with men (MSM).
- Documented a second mpox episode 4 months after initial recovery and 2-dose smallpox vaccination.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with a second episode of mpox genital ulcerative disease.
- The recurrence occurred despite complete recovery from the primary infection and full vaccination.
Conclusions:
- Mpox reinfection is possible even after recovery and vaccination.
- Mpox should remain in the differential diagnosis for genital ulcerations, irrespective of prior infection or vaccination status.
