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Smart photovoltaic system for Indian smart cities: a cost analysis
Ruby Beniwal1, Shruti Kalra2, Narendra SinghBeniwal3
1Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, UP, India. ruby.beniwal@gmail.com.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|January 27, 2023
Summary
This study optimized the life cycle cost (LCC) of photovoltaic (PV) systems in Indian smart cities using the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The optimized PV systems demonstrated significant cost reductions and environmental benefits.
Area of Science:
- Renewable Energy Systems
- Artificial Intelligence in Engineering
- Sustainable Urban Development
Background:
- Smart cities leverage advanced technologies, including solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, to manage energy consumption and demand.
- Assessing the life cycle cost (LCC) of PV systems is crucial for understanding their economic viability and environmental impact, especially considering carbon credits.
- Evaluating PV energy generation, savings, and efficiency is essential for smart city planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a methodology and optimization for the life cycle cost (LCC) assessment of photovoltaic (PV) systems in Indian smart cities.
- To determine the LCC of PV systems with and without carbon credits earned from solar power generation.
- To analyze PV energy generation, savings, efficiency, and cost implications for smart cities.
Main Methods:
- The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm was employed for optimizing the LCC of PV systems.
- Life cycle cost (LCC) estimation was performed for PV systems in four selected Indian smart cities under varying field conditions.
- The methodology focused on PV energy generation, savings, efficiency, and cost analysis.
Main Results:
- Srinagar exhibited maximum energy production (435 MWh) and minimum LCC (INR 4125 million) with an 8.9% rate of return.
- The optimized PV systems achieved a 50.24% reduction in LCC.
- Annual net carbon dioxide emission reduction was 76.5 tCO2e for thermal energy and 17.7 tCO2e for exergy gain over a 20-year lifespan.
Conclusions:
- The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm effectively optimizes the life cycle cost (LCC) of photovoltaic (PV) systems in smart cities.
- PV systems offer significant economic benefits, including reduced LCC and a positive rate of return, alongside substantial environmental advantages.
- The proposed approach provides valuable insights for future smart city development incorporating smart PV systems.
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