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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Mandatory surveillance testing for SARS-CoV-2 is a common strategy for epidemic control.
  • Beliefs about testing efficacy may influence individual risk-taking behaviors.
  • Unintended consequences of public health policies require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between mandatory surveillance testing and risky behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To explore potential subgroup differences in this association.
  • To identify mechanisms underlying any observed effects.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from two US university campuses.
  • Statistical examination of the relationship between testing frequency and participation in events linked to COVID-19 spread.
  • Mediation analyses to explore the role of risk perception.

Main Results:

  • Frequent mandatory testing was linked to increased participation in high-risk events.
  • This association was more pronounced among women.
  • Higher perceived COVID-19 health risks partially mediated the effect for women.

Conclusions:

  • Mandatory testing policies may have unintended adverse effects on behavior and pathogen spread.
  • These effects can vary across demographic groups, such as by sex.
  • Mitigation strategies may be needed to address unintended consequences of epidemic control measures.