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Related Experiment Videos

Dynamic reciprocity: how do extracellular matrix and hormones direct gene expression?

M J Bissell1, J Aggeler

  • 1Lab Cell Biology, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, CA 94720.

Progress in Clinical and Biological Research
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for mouse mammary epithelial cells' tissue-specific function. ECM and hormones synergistically regulate milk protein gene expression and cell structure via dynamic reciprocity.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of molecules surrounding cells.
  • Tissue-specific function in cultured cells is often lost, making it difficult to study cellular processes.
  • Understanding the role of ECM in maintaining differentiated cell functions is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ECM in maintaining tissue-specific function in mouse mammary epithelial cells (MME).
  • To determine how ECM influences the expression of milk proteins and cell morphology.
  • To explore the interplay between ECM, hormones, and gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Primary MME cells and cell strains were cultured in vitro.
  • Levels of specific milk protein mRNAs (casein, transferrin) were quantified.

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  • Rates of protein synthesis and secretion were measured.
  • Cell shape and polarity were assessed.
  • The study referenced the "Dynamic Reciprocity" model.

    • Main Results:

    • ECM significantly impacts mRNA levels and synthesis/secretion rates of milk proteins.
    • Casein gene expression is controlled by both ECM and lactogenic hormones.
    • ECM, not prolactin, modulates transferrin mRNA levels.
    • ECM and lactogenic hormones influence MME cell shape and polarity.

    Conclusions:

    • ECM plays a fundamental role in maintaining tissue-specific function of MME cells in culture.
    • A model of "Dynamic Reciprocity" explains how ECM influences gene expression via cytoskeletal components and transmembrane proteins.
    • Hormones and ECM act synergistically to regulate mammary epithelial cell function.