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Socioeconomic Factors and Pediatric Injury

Stephen Trinidad1, Meera Kotagal1,2

  • 1Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH MLC 2023 USA.

Current Trauma Reports
|January 30, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Socioeconomic status (SES) assessments in pediatric trauma research are reviewed. Disparities in SES are linked to increased injury risks and poorer outcomes for children, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric trauma research
  • Health equity studies
  • Socioeconomic determinants of health

Background:

  • Socioeconomic status (SES) is a critical factor influencing health outcomes.
  • Understanding how SES is measured in pediatric trauma is essential for addressing health disparities.
  • Existing literature often uses insurance status, area-level income, and deprivation indices to assess SES.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the methodologies used to evaluate socioeconomic status (SES) in pediatric trauma literature.
  • To examine the relationship between SES and inequities in pediatric injury incidence, morbidity, and mortality.
  • To identify potential targets for interventions aimed at reducing pediatric injury disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies assessing socioeconomic status in pediatric trauma.
  • Analysis of common SES assessment tools and their application.
  • Synthesis of findings on the impact of SES on injury patterns and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Common SES measures include insurance status, area-level income, and socioeconomic deprivation indices.
  • Children from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds face higher rates of firearm-related, motor vehicle-related, and violence-related injuries.
  • These disparities contribute to inequities in morbidity and mortality, as well as post-injury care, including readmission, recidivism, and PTSD.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed on family-level SES measures and granular neighborhood deprivation data.
  • Socioeconomic status represents an upstream target for interventions to mitigate pediatric injury.
  • Addressing SES disparities is crucial for narrowing the equity gap in pediatric trauma outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Insurance StatusNeighborhood Socioeconomic StatusPediatric InjurySocial Determinants of HealthSocioeconomic Status

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