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Related Concept Videos

Aquaporins01:25

Aquaporins

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Aquaporins or AQPs are a family of integral membrane proteins whose primary function is to transport water, while some called aquaglyceroporins also transport glycerol. In addition, aquaporins have also been suspected to be involved in transporting volatile substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, across membranes. Such AQPs that act as gas channels are often highly expressed in cells involved in the gaseous exchange, such as red blood cells, epithelial cells, and pulmonary capillaries.
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Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

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The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
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Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
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The early phase of the DCT manages the reabsorption of approximately 10-15% of filtered water, 5–10% of filtered sodium, and 5–10% of filtered chloride. This process is facilitated by Na+–Cl− symporters in apical membranes and sodium-potassium pumps, as well as Cl− leakage channels in basolateral membranes. The early DCT also stands out as a site where parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates calcium reabsorption, depending on the body's requirements.
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Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:22

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Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
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Endocrine Signaling01:45

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Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
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Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
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Aquaporins in Immune System.

Yazhu Quan1,2,3, Bo Kan4, Baoxue Yang5

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channels found in immune cells, crucial for immune functions. Understanding AQPs in immunity offers new avenues for treating immune-related diseases.

Keywords:
Dendritic cellsImmune cellsMacrophageNeutrophilsWater

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Six aquaporins (AQPs) are expressed in the immune system: AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, AQP7, and AQP9.
  • These AQPs are present in various immune cells, including lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the expression and physiological functions of AQPs within the immune system.
  • To summarize current research on the role of AQPs in immune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on aquaporins and the immune system.
  • Analysis of research on aquaporin expression and function in immune cells.
  • Synthesis of findings related to aquaporins in immune disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • AQPs facilitate water and glycerol transport in immune cells.
  • This transport is vital for both innate and adaptive immune responses.
  • Dysregulation of AQPs may be implicated in various immune conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Aquaporins play significant roles in immune cell function and overall immune health.
  • Targeting AQPs presents potential therapeutic strategies for immune-related disorders.
  • Further research into AQPs in immunity is warranted for disease prevention and treatment.