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Inferring fish behaviour at the trawl mouth from escape location.

Vang Y Nguyen1, Shannon M Bayse1, Haraldur Arnar Einarsson2

  • 1Fisheries and Marine Institute, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

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Summary

Fish escape behavior varies by size and species. Smaller fish are often herded into the center of trawls, while larger fish attempt to escape at the wings, revealing insights into groundfish herding and swimming capacity.

Keywords:
Catch comparisonCollection bagsFish behaviourFlatfishHerding behaviourMonkfishResponse behaviourRockhopper gearRoundfishSwimming capacity

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Fisheries Science
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Trawl selectivity is influenced by fish behavior at the trawl mouth.
  • Understanding fish escape strategies is crucial for effective fisheries management.
  • Groundfish exhibit complex responses to fishing gear, impacting catch composition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate groundfish herding behavior using escape location analysis.
  • To determine how fish size and species influence escape strategies under a trawl.
  • To infer swimming capacity and behavioral responses at the trawl mouth.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three collecting bags (port, center, starboard) beneath a trawl to capture escapees.
  • Compared escape-at-length data from center and wing bags to analyze fish distribution.
  • Inferred behavioral responses based on the location of escaped individuals.

Main Results:

  • Smaller Atlantic cod and haddock (<20 and 11 cm, respectively) escaped through the center, suggesting larger individuals used the wings.
  • Flatfish (European plaice, American plaice) and monkfish were predominantly caught in the wing bags.
  • Dab (18-27 cm) showed higher escape rates in the center, indicating size-specific responses.

Conclusions:

  • Fish escape location is a result of combined factors: herding behavior, size, and swimming capacity.
  • Size-dependent behaviors significantly influence fish response and escape strategies in trawls.
  • This study provides insights into the complex interactions between fish and fishing gear, informing sustainable fisheries practices.