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Related Concept Videos

Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants01:18

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Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
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The therapeutic index of a drug is a key parameter in pharmacology that quantifies the relative safety of a drug by calculating the ratio between the dose that causes toxicity in half the population (50%) to the dose that proves to be effective for half the population (50%). It provides a spectrum of doses for a particular drug ranging from effective to potentially toxic. To illustrate, consider an anticoagulant agent like warfarin. It possesses a narrow window within its therapeutic index to...
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Measurement of Factor V Activity in Human Plasma Using a Microplate Coagulation Assay
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Factor XI inhibitors: what should clinicians know.

Arjun Pandey1, Raj Verma2, John Eikelboom1

  • 1McMaster University, Hamilton ON, Canada.

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New Factor XI (FXI) inhibitors aim to prevent blood clots with less bleeding risk than current anticoagulants. Clinical trials are evaluating their safety and effectiveness for various conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Hematology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Current anticoagulants carry risks of bleeding and unmet needs in thrombosis treatment.
  • Factor XI (FXI) is a potential target for novel anticoagulants due to its role in coagulation.
  • FXI deficiency is associated with reduced thrombotic and cardiovascular event risk, and mild bleeding tendencies.

Approach:

  • Review of the rationale behind FXI inhibitor development.
  • Summary of current clinical knowledge regarding FXI-targeting drugs.
  • Overview of ongoing Phase II and planned Phase III clinical trials.

Key Points:

  • Several classes of FXI inhibitors, including small molecules, antisense oligonucleotides, and monoclonal antibodies, have advanced to Phase II trials.
  • Large-scale Phase III trials are underway or planned for indications such as atrial fibrillation, stroke, and cancer-associated venous thromboembolism.
  • Preliminary data suggest FXI inhibitors may offer effective thrombosis prevention with a favorable bleeding profile.

Conclusions:

  • FXI inhibitors represent a promising new class of anticoagulants with the potential for reduced bleeding complications.
  • Ongoing large-scale clinical trials are crucial to establish the efficacy and safety of FXI inhibitors in diverse patient populations.
  • These agents may address significant unmet needs in anticoagulant therapy.