Layer-Structured Anisotropic Metal Chalcogenides: Recent Advances in Synthesis, Modulation, and Applications

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Solid State Chemistry

Background:

• Low symmetry anisotropic metal chalcogenides (MCs) possess unique electronic and catalytic properties.
• These properties make them highly interesting for next-generation electronics, optoelectronics, energy storage, and chemical sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in anisotropic chalcogenides.
• To discuss synthesis, mechanistic understanding, property modulation, and applications.

Main Methods:

• Summarizing controlled synthetic routes including solution-phase, vapor-phase synthesis, and exfoliation.
• Discussing strategies for modulating dimensions, phases, compositions, defects, and heterostructures.
• Highlighting recent advances in device applications.

Main Results:

• Detailed review of 1D and 2D MCs' crystal structures, physical, and chemical properties.
• Summary of various synthesis and property modulation techniques.
• Showcase of applications in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, energy storage, sensing, and thermoelectrics.

Conclusions:

• Anisotropic MCs offer significant potential but require further investigation.
• Future research should address challenges in academic research and practical engineering for broader adoption.