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Nutrition Content of Young Child Formulas

Nan Du1, Dina M DiMaggio2, Anthony F Porto3

  • 1From the Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|January 31, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Young child formulas (YCF) are widely sold and used despite expert recommendations against them. This study found that most YCF do not meet nutritional standards for infants and toddlers, highlighting a need for better regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Food Science
  • Regulatory Affairs

Background:

  • Leading pediatric organizations do not recommend young child formula (YCF) for healthy children.
  • Despite recommendations, YCF represent 13% of formula sales, with 5% of US infants under one year consuming them.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the most frequently recommended and encountered YCF in the US online.
  • To assess if these YCF meet nutritional recommendations for children aged 0-3 years.

Main Methods:

  • Searched Google and DuckDuckGo using terms like "toddler formula" and "young child formula" to find YCF.
  • Compared nutrient content of identified YCF against FDA Infant Formula Act (IFA) and international guidelines for children 12-36 months.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-nine YCF products were analyzed.
  • On average, YCF had 2.17 and 4.6 ingredients not meeting recommendations for younger and older infants, respectively.
  • YCF for children 12-36 months had 3-4 ingredients not meeting established guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • The nutritional content of YCF is inconsistent and fails to meet FDA IFA requirements or international recommendations.
  • There is a need for increased US regulation of YCF.
  • Healthcare providers should inquire about YCF use to educate parents on potential nutritional risks.
Abstract

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