Advancing CAR T cell therapy through the use of multidimensional omics data

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Oncology
• Genomics

Background:

• Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy shows success in hematological cancers but faces challenges in efficacy, durability, toxicity, and broader application.
• Optimizing CAR T cell designs, cell products, and patient responses requires deeper mechanistic understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review multidimensional cellular and molecular profiling technologies for advancing CAR T cell therapy.
• To discuss strategies for using multi-omics data to identify optimal targets and enhance CAR T cell therapy's antitumour activity and safety.

Main Methods:

• Review of multidimensional omics analyses: genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, T cell receptor-repertoire profiling, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics.
• Analysis of data to dissect CAR T cell phenotypes, processes, and responses.
• Identification of novel tumor targets and resistance pathways.

Main Results:

• Multi-omics data provides opportunities to dissect complex CAR T cell biology and patient responses.
• These datasets can reveal novel tumor targets and mechanisms of resistance.
• Strategies are being developed to leverage multi-omics data for improved CAR T cell therapies.

Conclusions:

• Fully utilizing multi-omics data will deepen insights into CAR T cell therapy biology.
• This approach will accelerate the development of more effective and safer CAR T cell products.
• Multi-omics data will enable better prediction and monitoring of patient responses to CAR T cell therapy.