Combining Sensory Experiences with Internal Milieu in the Brain

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychology
• Physiology

Background:

• The brain processes external stimuli (exteroception) to create our experience of the world.
• Traditionally, brain function is viewed as cerebro-centered, focusing on external sensory input.
• Internal bodily sensations (interoception) also significantly influence brain activity and overall health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To challenge the cerebro-centered view of the brain.
• To highlight the role of internal cues in controlling brain activity and prediction.
• To explore the concept of the embodied brain, integrating internal and external information.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on brain sciences, exteroception, and interoception.
• Discussion of the gut-brain axis as a model for internal-external communication.
• Analysis of mechanisms linking internal cues to brain function.

Main Results:

• The brain constructs our reality by integrating exteroception and interoception.
• The concept of an embodied brain redefines brain boundaries beyond the skull.
• Internal cues, like those from the gut-brain axis, play a crucial role in shaping feelings and thoughts.

Conclusions:

• A holistic, embodied brain model is essential for understanding brain function.
• Interoception is a key factor in brain activity, influencing prediction and well-being.
• The gut-brain axis exemplifies the profound connection between internal bodily states and brain functions.