[Atrial fibrillation in three cardiological reference centers in Dakar: Senegal data from the AFRICA register survey]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, yet its prevalence in Africa is underestimated.
• The Atrial Fibrillation Registry In Countries of Africa (AFRICA) was established to address this knowledge gap.
• This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of AF in Senegal within the AFRICA registry framework.

Observation:

• A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted in three Senegalese cardiology centers from January to December 2017.
• 168 patients with AF were included, revealing a hospital prevalence of 5.99%.
• The study observed a predominance of women, with hypertension as the most frequent risk factor and heart failure as the commonest presentation.

Findings:

• Persistent AF was noted in 52.24% of patients, and valvular AF in 31%, particularly in younger individuals.
• Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (55.7%) and left atrial dilation (70.83%) were common.
• Heart failure (66.6%) and ischemic stroke (28%) were the primary complications, with heart rate control being the main therapeutic strategy.

Implications:

• The findings underscore the significant burden of AF in Senegal and highlight the need for increased awareness and improved management strategies.
• Understanding the specific characteristics of AF in this population can inform targeted public health interventions.
• Further research is warranted to explore long-term outcomes and optimize treatment protocols for AF in African settings.