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Terson Syndrome - Clinical Presentation, Management, and Visual Outcomes in a Tertiary Centre
Mario Lima-Fontes1, Mariana Leuzinger-Dias1, Rita Rodrigues1
1Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Porto, 4200-319, Portugal.
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|February 1, 2023
Summary
Terson syndrome, a cause of vision loss after neurological events, often improves with timely intervention. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including vitrectomy (PPV), can lead to good visual outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Retinal diseases
Background:
- Terson syndrome is characterized by intraocular hemorrhage following a neurological event.
- It can lead to significant and potentially irreversible visual impairment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical presentation, management, and visual outcomes of Terson syndrome patients.
- To identify factors influencing visual prognosis in Terson syndrome.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 8 patients (15 eyes) diagnosed with Terson syndrome between 2018 and 2021.
- Evaluation of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes from baseline to final follow-up.
- Comparison of outcomes between spontaneous resolution and surgical intervention (PPV).
Main Results:
- The primary neurological events were subarachnoid hemorrhage (62.5%) and traumatic brain injury (37.5%).
- Intraocular hemorrhage resolved spontaneously in 40% of eyes; 60% underwent PPV.
- Mean BCVA improved significantly from 1.11 logMAR to 0.32 logMAR (p=0.004).
- Delayed diagnosis correlated with worse final BCVA (p=0.005).
Conclusions:
- Terson syndrome requires prompt diagnosis and management to prevent irreversible vision loss.
- Vitrectomy (PPV) is indicated for dense, non-resolving hemorrhages or low initial visual acuity.
- Timely intervention can achieve favorable visual outcomes with minimal complications.
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