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Updated: Aug 12, 2025
Enrichment and Detection of Clostridium perfringens Toxinotypes in Retail Food Samples
Published on: October 18, 2019
Endotoxin-Free Stx2B-C-CPE Vaccine and Its Optimized Adjuvant Regimen for Preventing Food Poisoning
Koji Hosomi1,2, Atsushi Shimoyama3,4, Atsushi Hinenoya5
1Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 567-0085 Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.
Background:
Clostridium perfringens and Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are common causes of food poisoning. We previously demonstrated the efficacy of Stx2B-C-CPE, a fusion protein of the C-terminal region of C. perfringens enterotoxin (C-CPE) and Shiga toxin 2 B subunit (Stx2B), as a bivalent vaccine against C. perfringens and STEC infections.
Methods:
Here, we applied an E. coli expression system and Triton X-114 phase separation to prepare tag- and endotoxin-free Stx2B-C-CPE for use in vaccine formulations.
Results:
As we anticipated, endotoxin removal from the purified antigen reduced both Stx2B- and C-CPE-specific IgG antibody responses in subcutaneously immunized mice, suggesting that endotoxin contamination influences the immunological assessment of Stx2B-C-CPE. However, the combined use of aluminum and Alcaligenes lipid A adjuvants improved IgG antibody responses to the injected antigen, thus indicating the suitability of purified Stx2B-C-CPE for vaccine formulation.
Conclusions:
Our current findings provide important knowledge regarding the design of an effective commercial Stx2B-C-CPE vaccine.
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