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Quercetin prevents osteoarthritis progression possibly via regulation of local and systemic inflammatory cascades

Haiyan Wang1,2, Yongyong Yan1,2, Janak L Pathak1

  • 1Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|February 1, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Quercetin, a natural compound, effectively halts osteoarthritis progression in rats by reducing inflammation and preserving cartilage. This suggests quercetin may be a promising therapeutic agent for preventing osteoarthritis development.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) presents a significant clinical challenge due to limited effective treatments.
  • Quercetin, a bioflavonoid, exhibits known anti-inflammatory properties, but its role in OA prevention and mechanisms remains under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective effects of quercetin against osteoarthritis progression in a rat model.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which quercetin may prevent OA development.

Main Methods:

  • Osteoarthritis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using monosodium iodoacetate injection.
  • Rats were treated with varying doses of quercetin for 28 days.
  • Histopathological analysis, gross observation, and biochemical assays were performed on joint tissues, synovial fluid, and serum.

Main Results:

  • High-dose quercetin administration significantly inhibited OA progression, including cartilage degradation and matrix loss.
  • Quercetin treatment reversed OA-induced changes in key matrix proteins (MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5, aggrecan, collagen II).
  • Quercetin normalized elevated inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in synovial fluid and serum, and protected subchondral bone.

Conclusions:

  • Quercetin demonstrates a protective effect against osteoarthritis development and progression in rats.
  • The mechanism likely involves maintaining inflammatory cascade homeostasis.
  • Quercetin holds potential as a therapeutic agent for preventing osteoarthritis in at-risk individuals.
Keywords:
inflammationosteoarthritisosteochondral degenerationpro-inflammatory markersquercetin

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