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Monte Carlo simulation of background components in low level Germanium spectrometry.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2023

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Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

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CONRAD-A low level germanium test detector for the CONUS experiment.

Janina Hakenmüller¹, Gerd Heusser¹, ¹

¹Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine

|February 1, 2023

Summary

The CONRAD spectrometer, a large germanium detector with electrical cryocooling, offers high radiopurity for background characterization up to 12 MeV. Its low maintenance design enables flexible deployment, such as at nuclear reactors for experiments like CONUS.

Keywords:

Cosmic ray muon veto Germanium spectroscopy Low background gamma-ray spectrometry Low background screening Monte Carlo simulation Neutron measurement

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Area of Science:

Nuclear physics
Detector technology
Radiochemistry

Background:

High-purity germanium spectrometers are crucial for sensitive measurements in nuclear physics.
Electrical cryocooling offers advantages over traditional cooling methods for detectors.
Radiopurity of detector components is essential for minimizing background noise.

Purpose of the Study:

To present the CONRAD spectrometer, a large-mass (2.2 kg) high-purity germanium detector.
To highlight its capabilities for background characterization up to high energies (∼12 MeV).
To demonstrate its suitability for experiments like CONUS searching for coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering.

Main Methods:

Utilized a large (2.2 kg) high-purity germanium diode.
Employed electrical cryocooling for detector operation.
Characterized detector performance and radiopurity.

Main Results:

The CONRAD spectrometer demonstrates high radiopurity.
The detector is capable of characterizing background radiation up to approximately 12 MeV.
Electrical cryocooling provides a flexible, low-maintenance solution.

Conclusions:

The CONRAD spectrometer is a robust tool for sensitive measurements in nuclear physics.
Its design facilitates deployment in various environments, including nuclear reactors.
It is well-suited for experiments requiring precise background characterization, such as neutrino scattering searches.