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Temporal Trends and Regional Variations in Cardiovascular Care in Japan, 2010-2019
Koshiro Kanaoka1,2, Yoshitaka Iwanaga1, Michikazu Nakai1
1Department of Medical and Health Information Management, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center.
Insights
Cardiovascular care resources in Japan increased from 2010-2019. Despite this, in-hospital mortality rates for major cardiovascular diseases remained unchanged, indicating a need for further improvements in patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Healthcare Systems Analysis
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global cause of mortality.
- The evolving landscape of cardiology hospital trends in Japan requires comprehensive exploration.
- Understanding regional variations in cardiovascular care is crucial for national health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the 10-year trend (2010-2019) in cardiovascular medical care systems across Japan.
- To describe the changes in cardiovascular facilities, beds, patient volumes, and cardiologist distribution.
- To assess in-hospital mortality rates for major acute cardiovascular diseases over the study period.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Japanese Registry of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases database for a descriptive analysis.
- Examined nationwide data from 2010 to 2019, focusing on regional trends.
- Analyzed the number of cardiovascular facilities, cardiology beds, hospitalized patients, and cardiologists.
Main Results:
- Significant increases observed in cardiovascular facilities, cardiology beds, hospitalized patients, and cardiologists nationwide (2010-2019).
- Regional disparities in patient and cardiologist density per bed decreased, but heart failure hospitalizations per cardiologist rose.
- In-hospital mortality rates for acute myocardial infarction (8.6%), heart failure (7.7%), and acute aortic dissection (12.7%) remained stable in 2019.
Conclusions:
- Japan demonstrated an increasing trend in cardiovascular care resources between 2010 and 2019.
- Despite resource expansion, in-hospital mortality rates for critical cardiovascular conditions have not improved.
- Future research should focus on strategies to enhance patient outcomes and address persistent regional differences in care.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of mortality worldwide. Nonetheless, the current trend in cardiology hospitals in Japan has not been comprehensively explored.This descriptive study used the Japanese Registry of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases database during 2010-2019. The nationwide 10-year trend in cardiovascular medical care systems was described in detail corresponding to the regions in Japan.Cardiovascular facilities and the number of cardiology beds, hospitalized patients, and cardiologists increased during 2010-2019. There were regional differences in the number of patients and cardiologists per bed, but the differences in the number of hospitalized patients per cardiologist decreased among the regions. Of the three major acute cardiovascular diseases, patients hospitalized with heart failure per cardiologist have been increasing. However, the in-hospital mortality rates have not changed over the last decade (8.6% for acute myocardial infarction, 7.7% for heart failure, and 12.7% for acute aortic dissection in 2019).There was an increasing trend in the availability of cardiovascular care resources in Japan during 2010-2019. This study provides a comprehensive summary of the current cardiovascular care and the follow-up required in the future.
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