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The Effects of Upper Body Resistance Training on Prepubescent Children
Judith A Siegel, David N Camaione1, Thomas G Manfredi2
1Dept. of Sport, Leisure, and Exercise Science at the University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268, USA.
Pediatric Exercise Science
|February 2, 2023
Summary
A 12-week group resistance exercise program significantly improved strength, flexibility, and body composition in prepubescent children. Both boys and girls showed similar positive training responses, indicating effectiveness for both genders.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Exercise Science
- Sports Medicine
- Human Movement Studies
Background:
- Prepubescent children's physical development and fitness levels are crucial for long-term health.
- Limited research exists on the efficacy of structured group resistance training programs for this age group.
- Understanding the impact of exercise on body composition and strength in children is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of a 12-week school-based group resistance exercise program on prepubescent children's physical fitness.
- To compare the training responses between boys and girls participating in the program.
- To assess changes in strength, body composition, and flexibility.
Main Methods:
- An experimental group (n=50) participated in resistance training, while a control group (n=46) engaged in free play.
- The resistance program involved upper body exercises using weights, tubing, and balls.
- Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare pre/post changes in strength, flexibility, and body composition parameters.
Main Results:
- The experimental group showed significant improvements in right handgrip strength, flexed arm hang, pull-ups, and flexibility.
- Significant decreases in the sum of skinfolds were observed in the experimental group.
- Boys demonstrated higher initial strength, height, and lower skinfold sums compared to girls, but training responses were similar between genders.
Conclusions:
- A group resistance exercise program is an effective method for enhancing fitness and improving body composition in prepubescent children.
- The program yielded similar positive outcomes for both boys and girls.
- School-based resistance training can be a valuable intervention for improving children's physical health.
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