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Chronic constipation: from pathophysiology to management.

Giovanni Barbara1,2, Maria R Barbaro3, Giovanni Marasco3,4

  • 1IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy - giovanni.barbara@unibo.it.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic constipation (CC) is a common gastrointestinal issue affecting quality of life. This review covers CC epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management, focusing on pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic constipation (CC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequent bowel movements and difficult stool passage.
  • CC significantly impacts patient quality of life and is more common in women and the elderly.
  • Diagnosis is typically symptom-based in the absence of alarm features.

Approach:

  • This review summarizes current understanding of CC epidemiology, classification, pathophysiology, and clinical evaluation.
  • It provides an in-depth discussion of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological management strategies.
  • Treatment options discussed include lifestyle modifications, fiber supplementation, osmotic and stimulant laxatives, prokinetic agents, secretagogues, and biofeedback.

Key Points:

  • Dietary fiber and osmotic laxatives are first-line treatments for CC.
  • Stimulant laxatives serve as rescue therapy, while prokinetic agents and secretagogues are used when necessary.
  • Biofeedback is a potential intervention for functional defecation disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of chronic constipation involves a multi-faceted approach tailored to individual patient needs.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology and available treatment options is crucial for optimizing patient care.
  • Further research into novel therapeutic strategies may improve outcomes for CC patients.