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Related Concept Videos

Liver Physiology01:30

Liver Physiology

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The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of  70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
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Liver Regeneration01:24

Liver Regeneration

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The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
Cells of Liver
The liver comprises four major types of cells— hepatocytes, stellate, Kupffer, and sinusoidal endothelial cells. The hepatocytes are...
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
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Liver Histology01:27

Liver Histology

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The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
Hepatocytes perform a variety of essential functions. They secrete...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

13.7K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
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Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

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The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2025

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
10:25

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection

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How the liver keeps itself in shape.

Stephanie May1, Thomas G Bird1,2,3

  • 1Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom.

Elife
|February 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

After fasting, liver cells called hepatocytes multiply. This cell proliferation is essential for the liver to regenerate and restore its original size.

Keywords:
intermittent fastinglivermouseregenerationregenerative medicinestem cells

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Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver
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The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented CDE Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury
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The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented CDE Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 12, 2025

"Liver-on-a-Chip" Cultures of Primary Hepatocytes and Kupffer Cells for Hepatitis B Virus Infection
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Cell Type-specific Gene Expression Profiling in the Mouse Liver
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The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented CDE Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury
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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Cell Biology
  • Liver Regeneration

Background:

  • Fasting triggers a complex cellular response in hepatocytes.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of liver regrowth is crucial for treating liver diseases.

Discussion:

  • Hepatocyte proliferation is a key process in liver regeneration following injury or fasting.
  • The study investigates the signals that promote hepatocyte division after a period of fasting.

Key Insights:

  • Fasting stimulates hepatocytes to divide and increase in number.
  • This controlled cell growth allows the liver to repair and maintain its function.

Outlook:

  • Further research could explore therapeutic strategies targeting hepatocyte proliferation for liver repair.
  • Investigating the molecular pathways involved may reveal new targets for liver disease treatment.