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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

408
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
408
Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
5.6K
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

308
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
308
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
45.5K
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

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The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
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Assessment of Audio-Tactile Sensory Substitution Training in Participants with Profound Deafness Using the Event-Related Potential Technique
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Developmental changes in audiotactile event perception.

Brendan M Stanley1, Yi-Chuan Chen2, Daphne Maurer1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|February 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children

Keywords:
AuditionDevelopmentFissionFusionMultisensoryTouch

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Multisensory integration is crucial for perception.
  • The fission and fusion illusions are established measures of multisensory integration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of multisensory integration in children.
  • To compare multisensory integration in 9-, 11-, and 13-year-old children with adults using the fission and fusion illusions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized sound-induced tap fission and fusion illusions to measure multisensory integration.
  • Employed signal detection analysis to assess perceptual discriminability and decisional criterion.
  • Quantified the magnitude of illusion based on accuracy data.

Main Results:

  • All age groups exhibited a significant fission illusion.
  • Children, particularly younger groups, showed larger illusions (reduced discriminability, greater bias) compared to adults.
  • Developmental trajectories for fission and fusion illusions appear distinct, with 13-year-olds demonstrating adult-like performance.

Conclusions:

  • Multisensory integration develops throughout childhood, with distinct developmental paths for fission and fusion.
  • Findings support theoretical frameworks such as sensory dominance, maximum likelihood estimation, and causal inference in explaining developmental differences.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying these developmental changes.