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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2025

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Can the Perceived Timing of Multisensory Events Predict Cybersickness?

Ogai Sadiq¹, Michael Barnett-Cowan¹

¹Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.

Multisensory Research

|February 2, 2023

Summary

Individual differences in audiovisual temporal-order judgment (TOJ) can predict cybersickness in virtual reality (VR). Specifically, the temporal binding window (TBW) and point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) correlate with VR discomfort.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Human-Computer Interaction
Virtual Reality

Background:

The central nervous system (CNS) integrates multisensory information for perception.
Virtual reality (VR) introduces temporal discrepancies, leading to cybersickness.
Individual differences in sensory timing may influence VR experience.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if temporal-order judgment (TOJ) parameters predict cybersickness.
To examine audiovisual (AV) and audio-active head movement (AAHM) TOJs in relation to VR discomfort.

Main Methods:

Assessed AV and AAHM TOJs in 50 participants.
Measured temporal binding window (TBW) and point of subjective simultaneity (PSS).
Quantified cybersickness using the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ).

Main Results:

AV PSS and TBW significantly correlated with oculomotor aspects of cybersickness (SSQ).
Total SSQ scores showed non-significant positive correlations with AV TBW and PSS.
No significant correlations were found for AAHM TBW and PSS with cybersickness.

Conclusions:

AV TOJ metrics show potential for predicting VR-induced cybersickness.
Understanding sensory timing may aid in developing less discomforting VR experiences.
Further research is needed to confirm AAHM TOJ predictive capabilities.