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Imaging for Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19: Cardiac Manifestations in Context
Rebecca Crosier1, Tahir S Kafil1, D Ian Paterson1
1Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Insights
Cardiac imaging aids understanding of COVID-19
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) rapidly became a global pandemic.
- Severe COVID-19 is linked to acute cardiovascular complications and long-term sequelae like long COVID syndrome.
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccination is rarely associated with myopericarditis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the utility of cardiovascular imaging in assessing COVID-19-related cardiovascular complications.
- To describe imaging findings in patients with acute COVID-19 and long-term sequelae.
- To discuss the role and limitations of cardiac imaging in evaluating SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-associated myocarditis.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical and investigative studies utilizing cardiac imaging modalities.
- Analysis of imaging findings in patients with COVID-19 infection.
- Examination of imaging data in individuals recovered from COVID-19.
- Assessment of imaging in cases of vaccine-associated myocarditis.
Main Results:
- Cardiac imaging provides crucial insights into acute cardiovascular injury from COVID-19.
- Imaging reveals persistent cardiovascular abnormalities in recovered patients, including long COVID manifestations.
- Cardiac imaging plays a role in diagnosing and monitoring rare cases of myopericarditis post-mRNA vaccination.
Conclusions:
- Cardiovascular imaging is essential for understanding the spectrum of cardiac complications associated with COVID-19.
- Imaging aids in evaluating long-term cardiovascular effects and vaccine-related myocarditis.
- Further research using cardiac imaging can refine management strategies for COVID-19 cardiovascular complications.
Abstract:
After the first confirmed case in 2019, COVID-19 rapidly spread worldwide and overwhelmed the medical community. In the intervening time, we have learned about COVID-19's clinical manifestations and have developed effective therapies and preventative vaccines. Severe COVID-19 infection is associated with many cardiovascular disorders in the acute phase, and patients recovered from illness can also manifest long-term sequelae, including long COVID syndrome. Furthermore, severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination can trigger rare cases of myopericarditis. We have gained significant knowledge of the acute and long-term cardiovascular complications of COVID-19- and mRNA vaccine-associated myocarditis through clinical and investigative studies using cardiac imaging. In this review, we describe how cardiovascular imaging can be used to understand the cardiovascular complications and cardiac injury associated with acute COVID-19 infection, review the imaging findings in patients recovered from illness, and discuss the role and limitations of cardiac imaging in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-associated myocarditis.
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