Transmission loss and directivity of sound transmitted through a slit on ground

An analytical model is proposed for sound transmission through a slit on a rigid ground based on the modal superposition method to investigate the transmission loss (TL). A simple formula is derived for estimation of the TL for plane waves with and without the ground, which gives a more precise prediction than existing approaches. It is found that a larger slit height generally decreases the TL, except at the resonant frequencies of the slit. The slit width has little effect on the TL at high frequencies, and the slit depth affects the resonant frequencies significantly even though it has little effect on the overall TL. Compared with the same size slit in the free field, the rigid ground reduces the TL at most frequencies, and that reduction is a constant between 3 and 9 dB in the low frequency range. It is also found that the sound transmitted through the slit is almost omnidirectional at low frequencies, while most of the sound energy at high frequencies falls within the range where the long side of the slit is located. The experimental results demonstrate the validity of the analytical model and the findings in numerical simulations.