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Stem stiffness functionality in a submerged canopy patch under oscillatory flow.

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  • 1Department of Physics, University of Girona, 17071, Girona, Spain.

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Seagrass canopies alter coastal hydrodynamics. Flexible plants dissipate wave energy in upper layers, while rigid plants generate turbulence, influencing their distribution in sheltered versus exposed areas.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Ecology
  • Coastal Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Seagrass canopies are crucial coastal ecosystems that modify the physical environment.
  • Their architectural structure, including stem stiffness and density, dictates their impact on seafloor hydrodynamics.
  • Understanding this interaction is key to coastal management and ecosystem resilience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between seagrass canopy structure and hydrodynamic forces.
  • To differentiate the effects of rigid versus flexible seagrass stems on water flow and turbulence.
  • To develop a model predicting plant behavior under varying wave conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory experiments using rigid and flexible artificial seagrass stems.
  • Varied canopy densities, patch lengths, and wave frequencies.
  • Measurement of turbulent kinetic energy and wave velocity.

Main Results:

  • Flexible plants in the upper canopy layer moved with flow, generating minimal drag and turbulence.
  • Rigid plants, and both types in the inner canopy, generated significant drag and turbulent kinetic energy.
  • Flexible plants exhibited stiffer behavior at higher wave frequencies, mimicking rigid stems.

Conclusions:

  • Seagrass canopy structure significantly influences coastal hydrodynamics.
  • The distinct responses of rigid and flexible canopies explain their environmental distribution.
  • Rigid canopies are found in sheltered areas, while flexible canopies dominate exposed, high-energy coastlines.